სამეცნიერო სტატია ,,ინოვაციური პროცესები საგანმანათლებლო სფეროში"

nino gamyreliZe

andria razmaZis saxelobis qalaq quTaisis 41 fizika-

maTematikis sajaro skolis dawyebiTi klasebis 

maswavlebeli

ganaTlebis (pedagogikis) mecnierebaTa doqtori

(mecnieruli mimarTuleba pedagogika)

inovaciuri procesebi saganmanaTleblo sferoSi

adamianis yofierebis, adgilisa da rolis gansazRvris mizniT msoflios Tanamedrove sazogadoebrivi cnobiereba gansakuTrebul Tvisobriv cvlilebebs ganicdis, rac Tavis mxriv, adekvatur filosofiur, fsiqologiur da pedagogiur gaazrebas moiTxovs. pirovnebis axleburad gagebis idea, romelic ganaTlebis koncefciis SemuSavebis safuZvels warmoadgens, saWiroebisamebr CarTavs individSi iseT Tvisebebs, rogorebicaa saqmianobis SecvlisaTvis mzadyofna, arsebobis paradigmis Secvla, TviTganviTarebis SesaZlebloba, sulier da eTikur orientaciaze aqcentireba. ganaTleba ganixileba rogorc TviTganviTarebis saSualeba, adamianebis SesaZleblobebisa da misi monacemebis srulyofili TviTrealizacia.

kiTxva, ratom ecada ganaTleba gamosuliyo tradiciuli CarCoebidan, ratom miiltvis teqnologiuri Semoqmedebis Teoriisa da praqtikisaken, pedagogebis azriT, profesiul-SemoqmedebiT saqmianobaSia saZiebeli. pedagogiurma sazogadoebam dainaxa ganaTlebisadmi mocemuli ,,socialuri SekveTis" ufro efeqturad Sesrulebis SesaZleblobebi, meqanizmebi swavlebis teqnologizaciisa da pirovnebis SemoqmedebiTi niWis gasaviTareblad.

imisaTvis, rom efeqturad uzrunvelvyoT saganmanaTleblo muSaoba inovaciur reJimSi, saWiroa, aviTvisoT ara marto gansazRvruli  mmarTvelobiTi Cvevebi (romlebic mniSvnelovania  praqtikul saqmianobaSi mocemuli amocanis realizaciisaTvis), aramed aucilebelia pirvandeli konteqstis  aRdgena, romelic dakavSirebulia inovaciur procesebTan, SemdgomSi ganaTlebis sferoSi  inovaciuri procesis  specifikis warsadgenad. t. kovaliovas am  daskvnas, romelic warmodgenilia mis monografiaSi-,,inovaciuri skola: aqsiomebi da hipoTezebi" (2003), SeuZlebelia, ar daveTanxmoT. amitom CavTvaleT, daviwyoT istoriuli konteqstis  aRdgena, romelic dakavSirebulia ganmaviTarebel procesebTan, amisaTvis saWiroa istoriul-pedagogiuri literaturis Seswavla, am sferoSi moRvawe gamoCenili specialistebis gacnoba.

 ukanasknel aTwleulSi mecnierebi cdilobdnen inovaciis aqsiomatikis axsnas, romelic iTvleba inovaciuri ganaTlebis problematikis ganxilvis bazisad.

 saerTo konteqstis aRdgena mizanmimarTulad ukavSirdeba termin "inovaciis" mokle istorias.

termini "inovacia"  me-19 saukunis SuaxanebSi kulturologiisa da lingvistikis kvlevebSi kulturuli difuziis  aRwerisas gamoCnda (b.sazonovi), sadac fenomeni erTi kulturuli arealidan vrceldeboda meoreSi, romelmac ama Tu im formiT ganicada  asimilacia. difuzia ganmartebulia, rogorc TviTkulturis bunebrivi meqanizmi. amgvari mniSvneloba terminisa "inovacia" dRemde SenarCunebulia mTel rig mecnierebebSi, magaliTad  eTnografiaSi.

me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi i. Sumpeterma es termini gamoiyena  Tavis makroekonomikur analizSi, ganixilavda ra teqnologiisa da  warmoebaSi msxvil gamogonebebs  ekonomikuri ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT. Sumpeterma Camoayaliba mTavari amocana-novatoruli iniciativebis gamudmebiT mxardaWera, romelic saSualebas iZleva cikluri kapitalisturi ekonomikuri krizisis daZlevas. Sumpeteris  ideebi TandaTanobiT prioritetuli gaxda bazarze yvela moqmedi firmisaTvis. saxelwifos mxridan daiwyo  am ideebisadmi  aqtiuri mxardaWera.

ganviTarebulma qveynebma ara mxolod mxari   dauWires am politikas, aramed igi mniSvnelovnad gaafarToves specialuri sagadasaxado daregulirebis xarjze. mxari dauWires mcire inovaciur bizness, gansakuTrebiT  sagareo ekonomikur saqmianobas.

amgvarad,  inovaciuri politika gaxda makroekonomikur geopolitikaSi sistemawarmoqmnili  faqtori.

sazogadoebaSi inovaciuri procesebis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobam migviyvana iqamde, rom me-20 saukunis 20-30-ian wlebSi SemoiRes specialuri sfero-inovacia, rogorc siaxleebis Semswavleli gansakuTrebuli mecniereba da daiwyes materialuri warmoebis sferoSi teqnikuri siaxleebis saerTo kanonzomierebebis Seswavla (m. bareri, v. brauni, e. rojersi, u. uolkeri da sxvebi).

inovacia, upirveles yovlisa, aRmocenda axali ideebisa da momsaxurebis gadamuSavebis saqmianobaSi,  rogorc sxvadasxva firmis gamwvavebuli moTxovnilebis asaxva. 30-iani wlebidan aSS-Si damkvidrda terminebi ,,firmis inovaciuri politika", ,,inovaciuri procesi".

60-70-iani wlebidan dasavleTSi tardeboda siaxleTa empiriuli kvlevebi, romlebsac axorcielebdnen firmebi da organizaciebi, magram ama Tu im inovaciuri cvlilebebis Tvisebebis ganxilvisas cxadi gaxda, rom mxolod empiriuli Teoriis CarCoebSi am cvlilebebis gansazRvra ubralod SeuZlebelia, radgan maT arsebiTi gavlena gaaCniaT sazogadoebriv cxovrebaze.

amgvarad, inovaciur cvlilebebs naklebad axasiaTeben da amis safuZvelze aRmocenda inovaciuri procesebis gamokvlevebisadmi principuli midgomis aucileblobis hipoTeza, romelSic inovaciuri problemebis analizi TavisTavad moicavda miRwevebs ara mxolod mecnierebisa da teqnikis sferoSi, aramed marTvisa da ganaTlebis sferoSidac.

ganaTlebis sferoSi inovaciuri procesebi xasiaTdeba, rogorc axali etapi samecniero-pedagogiuri Semoqmedebis ganviTarebaSi da rogorc am procesebis gamoyenebis Sedegebi. pedagogikaSi inovaciuri procesebis ganviTarebis Tanamedrove etaps axasiaTebs procesebs Soris winaaRmdegobis daZlevis tendencia da maTi Segnebulad marTvis SesaZlebloba da aucilebloba.

ganaTlebis sistemaSi inovaciur procesebSi Sedis sami ZiriTadi qveprocesi:

 1. axlis Seqmna;

 2. maTi aTviseba;

3. gamoyeneba.

pedagogikaSi axlis Seqmnas gaaCnia mTeli rigi Taviseburebebi, romelic dakavSirebulia pedagogis pirovnebasTan, saswavlo dawesebulebis TaviseburebasTan da a.S.

mecnierebi aRniSnaven, rom inovacia pedagogikaSi imiT gansxvavdeba, rom inovaciis ,,obieqti", maTi Semoqmedebis sagani - aris cocxali, ganviTarebadi, ganumeorebeli pirovneba ,,me".

pedagogiur mecnierebasa da praqtikaSi specifikuria axlis aRqmis procesebi. aq, erTis mxriv, gacilebiT rTulad mimdinareobs novatoruli pedagogiuri gamocdilebis obieqturi Sefasebis procesebi, meores mxriv ki - praqtikaSi gamoyeneba da Sefaseba imisa, rasac akeTebs pedagogiuri mecniereba. amitom saganmanaTleblo sistemaSi inovaciuri procesebis SeswavlisTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs ,,sazogadoebriv inovaciur garemos", romelSic mimdinareobs inovaciuri procesebi. mocemuli garemos gageba sam ZiriTad aspeqtSi ganixileba - social-ekonomikuri, teqnologiuri da organizebul mmarTvelobiTi. maT axasiaTebT inovaciuri procesebis mimdinareobis sxvadasxva piroba, is saerTo socialuri klimati, romelic xels uwyobs an uSlis am procesebis warmoqmnasa da realizebas. pedagogiuri inovaciebisTvis mniSvnelovania sazogadoebis mier siaxleebis metnaklebad miReba, misi waxaliseba, ,,sanqciebi".

inovaciuri procesebis daxasiaTebis mTlianobas iZleva agreTve ,,cxovrebiseuli ciklis", ,,inovaciur procesebSi winaaRmdegobis", ,,inovaciuri procesebis marTvis principebis" gageba. pedagogiuri inovaciuri procesebis tipologias SeiZleba, hqondes sxvadasxva safuZveli. upirveles yovlisa, es procesebi Tavs iCens ganaTlebisa da aRzrdis miznebsa da amocanebSi. cvlilebebi maTSi iwvevs cvlilebebs jer pedagogiuri procesebis SinaarsSi, Semdeg ki - teqnologiaSi.

Tanamedrove didaqtikis mniSvnelovani koncefciis daxasiaTebisas i. lerneri Tavis naSromSi ,,dialeqtikis filosofia da dialeqtika, rogorc filosofia"  amtkicebs, rom dRes ganaTlebis mTavar principad unda iqces pirovnul moTxovnilebebze dayrdnoba, maTi mxardaWerisa da koreqciis mizniT.

maSasadame, inovaciuri saganmanaTleblo procesebis SinaarsSi miiCneva adamiani, rogorc yofierebis mniSvnelovani ganzomilebis, misi bunebaSi, sociumsa da kulturaSi saqmianobis asaxvad.

inovaciuri saganmanaTleblo procesebis variaciuloba uzrunvelyofs aucilebeli da damatebiTi disciplinebis moxerxebulad SeTavsebas humanitarul- kulturologiuri profilis sagnebis farTo speqtrTan, swavlebis mravalferovani algoriTmebis dakavSirebas moswavleTa individualur SesaZleblobebTan da SemecnebiT moTxovnilebebTan, ganaTlebis tempis, formisa da moculobis Tavisufal arCevanTan.

Cven viTvaliswinebT mecnier-pedagogTa daskvnas, rom inovaciuri procesebis teqnologia warmoadgens moqmedebebisa da procedurebis mizanmimarTul Serwymas, romelic uzrunvelyofs diagnostikur da garantirebul Sedegs cvalebad pirobebSi.

mniSvnelovania mocemuli teqnologiis miznis mkafiooba da diagnostikuroba, moqmedebisas sxvadasxva xarisxis sirTulis warmodgena, mravalricxovani modelis xerxisa da aRwerilobis mogroveba, romelic saSualebas iZleva gadawyvetilebaTa Ziebis xerxebis gaerTianebas.

inovaciuri procesebi saganmanaTleblo sferoSi

reziume

siaxle anu inovacia aris is fenomeni, romelsac yovelTvis emyareboda sazogadoebrivi progresi. pirvelad ,,inovacia" Semovida saukunis win kulturologiasa da lingvistikaSi. faqtiurad is iyo sxvadasxva kulturis difuzia, e. i. erTi kulturis fenomenis arealis Serwyma meore kulturul fenomenTan da amis niadagze sruliad axlis warmoSoba. aseTi inovaciuri procesebi SeiZleba, ganvmartoT rogorc mravali kulturul-saganmanaTleblo moRvaweobis ganviTarebis ZiriTadi faqtori.

rogorc statiidan Cans, inovaciis obieqti aris cocxali, ganviTarebadi pirovneba ,,me". mniSvnelovania inovaciuri saganmanaTleblo procesebis variaciuloba, romelic uzrunvelyofs aucilebeli da damatebiTi disciplinebis moxerxebulad SeTavsebas humanitarul-kulturologiuri profilis sagnebis farTo speqtrTan, swavlebis dakavSirebas moswavleTa individualur SesaZleblobebTan da SemecnebiT moTxovnilebebTan.

saganmanaTleblo inovaciuri procesi pirovnebis swavlebisa da aRzrdis Ria dinamiuri sistemaa, romelic moicavs pirovnebis kreatiulobas, refleqsurobasa da teqnologiur maxasiaTeblebs.

Innovative Processes in Education

Summary

Innovation is a phenomenon which has always been a basis for the progress of society. The term “innovation” was first introduced in culturology and linguistics a century ago. In fact, it was a diffusion of different cultures, i.e., a synthesis of a particular cultural phenomenon and another cultural area, resulting in the creation of a new one. Such innovative processes can be seen as the key factor for the development of various cultural and educational activities.

According to the paper, the object of innovation is a living, developing person. In order to study innovative processes in the education system, great emphasis is placed on the environment which can be discussed in terms of three aspects. Each aspect is associated with contrasting conditions of the development of innovative processes.

    The variability of innovative educational processes is of great significance. It helps to properly link compulsory and additional courses to the large spectrum of humanitarian and culturological disciplines, to adjust the teaching process to the individual abilities and intellectual needs of students.

Иновационные процессы в общеобразовательной сфере

резюме

Новизна и иновация-это тот феномен, который каждый раз основывался на общественном прогрессе. С целью рассмотрения иновационных изменений, необходимо сформировать принципиальные гиротезные процессы, в которых анализ гипотезы иновационных проблем охватывает сферу системы образования.

Исходя из статьи-это новый иновационный процесс развитие личности ,,Я,,. Важную роль играет просфетительный процесс вариаций, который обеспечивает необходимость дополнительных дисциплин, умело совмещать гуманитарно-культурологические профильные предметы с широким спектром, а также связь учебного процесса с индивидуальной возможностью учеников с позновательными потребностями.